THE EFFECT OF METHANOL RHIZOME EXTRACT OF Nymphaea lotus LINN. (NYMPHAEACEAE) IN ANIMAL MODELS OF DIARRHOEA
- Project Research
- 1-5 Chapters
- Abstract : Available
- Table of Content: Available
- Reference Style: APA
- Recommended for : Student Researchers
- NGN 5000
Abstract
Nymphaea lotus is one of the foremost aquatic macrophytes that have been identified in Nigerian fresh water bodies. It finds applications in the management of circulatory system disorders, digestive system disorders, infectionsand inflammations. This study aims to evaluate the antidiarrhoeal activity of the methanol rhizome extract of N. lotus Linn plant in laboratory animals. Shade-dried rhizome of N. lotus was extracted with 80% methanol using Soxhlet apparatus. Preliminary phytochemical screening was carried out.This revealed the presence of alkaloids, anthraquinones, carbohydrates, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, tannins and triterpenes. The oral median lethal dose (LD50) was determined andacute toxicity test of the extract gave LD50 value greater than 5,000mg/kg p.o. in mice. The antidiarrhoeal activityof the methanol extract was determined in mice. The extract was screened for activity against castor oil-induced diarrhoea and magnesium sulphate-induced diarrhoea as well as effect on gastric transit time in mice. For castor oil-induced diarrhoea, the extract at doses of 200, 400 and 800mg/kg produced statistical significant reduction in the frequency of diarrhoea (at p<0.001, p<0.001 and p<0.01 respectively). The extract at 800 mg/kg produced a significant delay in onset of diarrhoea (p<0.05) comparable to loperamide (3mg/kg). The frequency of magnesium sulphate-induced diarrhoeawas also significantly reduced in the groups treated with 200, 400 and 800mg/kg of the extract at p<0.001, p<0.001 and p<0.01 respectively. At doses of 200mg/kg (76.5%) and 400mg/kg (72.6%), the protection produced comparable to loperamide, 3mg/kg (70.6%).All treated groups produced statistically significant reduction in the transit of charcoal meal along the intestinal tract at p<0.001. The standard antidiarrhoeal drug, atropine (5mg/kg) produced greater antimotility effect (56.83%) vi compared to the extract. Effect of methanol rhizome extract of N. lotus on isolated rabbit jejunum and guinea pig ileum was determined. The methanol rhizome extract ofNymphaea lotus at low concentration (4×10-4 – 6.4×10-2mg/ml) had contractile effect on the tone of contraction of the rabbit jejunum while at higher concentrations (8×10-2 -512×10-2 mg/ml) produced significant reduction in the tone and rate of spontaneous contraction of rabbit jejunum. Interaction of the extract,at concentration that causes relaxation, with acetylcholine,attenuated the effect of the latter in a manner similar to atropine.The methanol rhizome extract of N. lotus at lower concentrations (4×10-4 to 2×10-2 mg/ml) has no effect on contraction of the guinea pig ileum while higher concentrations (4×10-2 - 512×10-2 mg/ml) produced significant relaxant activity on guinea pig ileum. Interaction of the extract with histamine attenuated the effect of the latter which may be as a result of physiologic antagonism.This study has shown that the methanol rhizome extract of N. lotus has antidiarrhoeal properties thus justifying its use by the local population for this purpose.
Related Project Materials
An appraisal of the geopolitical determinants of energy supply in Gombe South Local Government Area, Gombe State
Background of the Study
Energy supply remains a significant challenge for Gombe South Local Government Area (LGA) in Gombe State, Nigeria, a...
The Impact of Renewable Energy Policies on Economic Growth in Nigeria
Background of the Study
Renewable energy policies have emerged as crucial drivers of economic growth and sustainable devel...
An assessment of regulatory oversight mechanisms on improving bank governance in Nigeria: a case study of First Bank of Nigeria
Background of the Study
Robust regulatory oversight is essential for ensuring transparency, accountability...
THE EFFECTS OF TV ADVERTS ON CHILDREN (A CASE STUDY OF ENUGU URBAN)
BACKGROUND OF STUDY
Television advertisement represents one of the several stimuli to which children ar...
An Appraisal of AI-Powered Business Intelligence Tools in Nigerian Startups: A Case Study of SMEs in Taraba State
Background of the Study
The increasing complexity of business environments, coupled with the rapid grow...
The Role of Knowledge Management Systems in Corporate Decision-Making: A Case Study of Oil and Gas Firms in Jigawa State
Background of the Study
Knowledge management (KM) is a critical aspect of modern corporate strategy, especially within i...
ENTREPRENEURSHIP SKILLS ACQUISITION AND PRODUCT INNOVATION IN NIGERIA
EXCERPT FROM THE STUDY
The concept of entrepreneurial skill according to Anho (2014) is associated with various act...
THE ROLE OF RADIO BROADCASTING IN THE RURAL DEVELOPMENT
ABSTRACT
Rural development of any kind in any place can only be meaningfully achieved through a well pl...
The effect of economic crises on the rise of financial fraud in Onitsha South Local Government Area, Anambra State.
Background of the study:
Economic crises can precipitate a range of adverse social phenomena, including a surge in financia...
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
ABSTRACT
The main purpose of this study is to explore the problems and prospects for the development of...
